电力可靠性基本名词术语
暴露率EXR exposure rate
暴露时间 exposure time
备用冗余 standby redundancy
备用时间 reserve time; standby time
备用小时 reserve hours
备用状态 standby state; reserve state
不工作时间 non-operating time
不工作状态 non-operating state
不可用时间 unavailable time; down time
不可用状态 unavailable state; down state
部分失效 partial failure
部分停运状态 partial outage state
潮流模型 power flow model
持久故障 persistent fault
持续强迫停运率 permanent forced outage rate
持续时间 Time duration
持续停电 sustained interruption
持续停运 sustained outage
（电力系统的）充裕性 adequacy (of an electric power system)
从属性失效 secondary failure
大电力系统 Bulk power system
大电力系统的整体性 integrity (of a bulk power system)
大电力系统电量削减
指标BPECI bulk power energy curtailment index
单极非计划停运次数monopole unplanned outage times
MUOT单极计划停运次数 MPOT monopole planned outage times
单一停运事件 single outage occurrence
等效峰荷累计停电持续时间aggregate equivalent peak interruption duration
等效峰荷停电持续时间 equivalent peak interruption duration
等效可用系数EAF equivalent available factor
等效平均停电持续时间 equivalent mean interruption duration
电力系统可靠性 electric power system reliability
电力系统可靠性价值评估 reliability worth assessment
电力系统可靠性经济学 reliability economics of an electric power system
电力系统可靠性评估 reliability evaluation of electric power system
电力系统可靠性准则 electric power system reliability criteria
短路故障率 rate of occurrence of short-circuit events
多重停运事件 multiple outage occurrence
额定输送容量 maximum continuous capacity
恶劣气候 adverse weather
发电容量可靠性评估 reliability evaluation of generating capacity
发输电系统 composite generation and transmission system
非计划停运小时 unplanned outage hours
非计划停运状态 unplanned outage state
非计划性维修 unscheduled maintenance
概率性准则 probabilistic criteria (for electric power system DL / T — reliability)
工作冗余 active redundancy
工作时间 operating time
工作状态 operating state
功能核查 function check-out
供电可用率SA service availability
供电系统 power supply system
共因停运事件 common cause outage occurrence
故障 fault
故障持续时间期望 expected failure duration
故障定位 fault localization
故障定位时间 fault localization time
故障隔离 fault isolation
故障矫正时间 fault correction time
故障率 failure rate
故障识别 fault recognition
故障树 fault tree
故障树分析FTA fault tree analysis
故障停电平均持续时间 AID average interruption duration
故障诊断 fault diagnosis
固有可靠性 inherent reliability
管理延迟 administrative delay
规定的连续功能失效 failure of continuously required function
规定功能 required function
耗损失效 wear-out failure
耗损失效期 wear-out failure period
核查时间 check-out time
恒定失效率期 constant failure rate period
后勤延迟 logistic delay
恢复 restoration; recovery
（电力系统的）恢复过程restoration process (of an electric power system)
机组降低出力量 unit derating capacity
机组降低出力系数UDF unit derated factor
技术性准则 technical criteria(for electric power system reliability)
技术延迟 technical delay
计划停运状态 planned outage state
计划性维修 scheduled maintenance
继电保护误动作率 protective system false operation rate
间接停电损失 indirect interruption cost
间歇故障 intermittent fault
减负荷 load reduction
渐变失效 gradual failure
降低出力小时 unit derated hours
降低出力状态 unit derated state
降额容量 outage capacity
降额状态 derated state
矫正性维修 corrective maintenance
矫正性维修时间 corrective maintenance time
解析模型 analytical model
（电力系统的）紧急状态 emergency state (of an electric power system)
经济性准则 economic criteria (for electric power system reliability)
（电力系统的）警戒状态 alert state (of an electric power system)
拒动概率 probability of failure to operate on command
拒分闸概率 probability of failure to open on command
拒合闸概率 probability of failure to close on command
可靠性 reliability
可靠性分配 reliability allocation; reliability apportionment
可靠性改进 reliability improvement
可靠性工程 reliability engineering
可靠性管理 reliability management
可靠性和可维修性保证 reliability and maintainability assurance
可靠性和可维修性大纲 reliability and maintainability programme
可靠性和可维修性计划 reliability and maintainability plan
可靠性和可维修性监察 reliability and maintainability surveillance
可靠性和可维修性控制 reliability and maintainability control
可靠性和可维修性审计 reliability and maintainability audit
可靠性计算 reliability accounting
可靠性框图 reliability block diagram
可靠性模型 reliability model
可靠性评估 reliability evaluation
可靠性评价 reliability assessment
可靠性预计 reliability prediction
可停电负荷 interruptible load
可停电负荷备用 interruptible load reserve
可维修性 maintainability
可延迟停运 deferrable outage
可用时间 available time; up time
可用输电容量ATC available transfer capability
可用系数AF availability factor
可用性 availability
可用状态 available state; up state
累积时间 accumulated time
（电力系统事故的）联锁反应cascading; cascade failure (of an electric power system)
量度 measure
临界停电持续时间 critical service loss duration
临时性停运 temporary outage
毛最大容量 gross maximum capacity
蒙特卡洛模型 Monte Carlo model
能力 capability
能量不可用率EU energy unavailability
能量可用率EA energy availability
能量利用率 energy utilization
平均不可用度 mean unavailability
平均恢复前时间MTTR mean time to restoration
平均可用度 mean availability
平均失效间隔时间 MTBF mean time between failures
平均首次失效前时间 MTTFF mean time to first failure
（用户）平均停电缺供电量AENS Average energy not supplied
平均停运持续时间 mean outage duration
平均无故障持续工作时间MTTF mean time to failure
（辅助设备的）平均无故障可用小时MTBFA mean time between failures of auxiliary equipment
（机组的）平均无故障可用小时MTBFU mean time between failures (of a unit)
平均修复率 mean repair rate
期望缺供电力EDNS expected demand not supplied
期望缺供电量EENS expected energy not supplied
启动成功 starting success
启动可靠度SR starting reliability
启动失败 starting failure
潜在故障 latent fault
强迫停运系数FOF forced outage factor
强迫停运小时 forced outage hours
强迫停运状态 forced outage state
切负荷 load shed
缺电持续时间LOLD loss of load duration(of an electric power system)
（电力系统的）缺电概率LOLP loss of load probability(of an electric power system)
缺电频率LOLF loss of load frequency(of an electric power system)
缺电时间期望LOLE loss of load expectation(of an electric power system)
缺供负荷 load not supplied
确定性准则 deterministic criteria (for electric power system reliability)
容错 fault tolerance
容量效益裕度CBM capacity benefit margin
冗余 redundancy
弱质失效 weakness failure
设计评审 design review
设计失效 design failure
失效 failure
失效分析 failure analysis
失效机理 failure mechanism
失效模式 failure mode
失效模式与影响分析FMEA failure modes and effects analysis
时间区间 time interval
时刻 instant of time
实际矫正性维修时间 active corrective maintenance time
实际维修时间 active maintenance time
实际预防性维修时间 active preventive maintenance time
输电可靠性裕度TRM transmission reliability margin
输电总容量TTC total transfer capability
双极非计划停运次数BUOT bipole unplanned outage times
双极计划停运次数BPOT bipole planned outage times
瞬时不可用度 instantaneous unavailability
瞬时故障 temporary fault
瞬时可用度 instantaneous availability
瞬时失效率 instantaneous failure rate
瞬时停电 momentary interruption
瞬时停运 transient outage
瞬时修复率 instantaneous repair rate
停电 interruption
停电负荷 load interrupted
停电损失 outage cost; cost of interruption
停电用户平均停电次数AICA average interruptions of customer affected
停用状态 inactive state
停运 outage
停运率 outage rate
停运事件 outage occurrence
停运状态 outage state
投切时间 switching time
突然失效 sudden failure
完全失效 complete failure
完全停运状态 complete outage state
网流模型 network flow model
维修 maintenance
维修保障性 maintenance support performance
维修工时 maintenance man-hours
维修理念 maintenance philosophy
维修时间 maintenance time
稳态不可用度 steady-state unavailability
稳态可用度 steady state availability
无需求时间 non-required time
误操作失效 mishandling failure
误动概率 false operation probability
误分闸故障率 rate of occurrence of opening without proper command
误合闸故障率 rate of occurrence of closing without proper command
误用失效 misuse failure
系统 system
系统黑启动发电机 system blackstart generator
系统黑启动容量 system blackstart capacity
系统相关停运 system related outage
闲置状态 idle state
响应功能失效 failure of response function
修复 repair
修复时间 repair time
需求时间 required time
严重故障 critical fault
（电力系统的）严重事故状态extreme emergency state (of an electric power system)
以可靠性为中心的维修RCM reliability-centered maintenance
永久性停运 permanent outage
用户供电可靠性 service reliability of customers
用户平均停电次数AITC average interruption times of customer
用户平均停电时间AIH Caverage interruption hours of customer
有效寿命 useful life
逾期维修 deferred maintenance
预安排停运 scheduled outage
预防性维修 preventive maintenance
预防性维修时间 preventive maintenance time
预计 prediction
元件 component
元件故障 failure of a component
元件瞬时性强迫停运率 transient forced outage rate
原发性失效 primary failure
越级误分闸故障概率 probability of incorrect trip due to fault outside protection zone
（电力系统的）运行工况operation condition (of an electric power system)
运行系数SF service factor
运行相关停运 operations related outage
运行小时 service hours
运行状态 state in service; in-service state
灾害气候 major storm disaster
灾难性失效 cataleptic failure; catastrophic failure
早期失效期 early failure period
正常气候 normal weather
（电力系统）正常状态 normal state (of an electric power system)
直接停电损失 direct interruption cost
制造失效 manufacturing failure
状态空间模型 state space model
状态转移图 state-transition diagram
